Fibroids treatment & management | Gangnam Apple OBGYN

Fibroids

What Are Fibroids?

Uterine fibroids are common non-cancerous growths that develop in the uterus. These muscular tumors can appear as a single growth or multiple masses, varying significantly in size—from as small as a seed to as large as a grapefruit. In some cases, they may grow even larger.


Fibroids can develop in different areas of the uterus, including:

  • Inside the uterine cavity (attached to the inner lining)
  • Within the uterine walls
  • On the outer surface of the uterus



While fibroids do not always cause symptoms, their size and location can sometimes lead to discomfort or other health concerns. If you are experiencing symptoms, it is important to seek medical evaluation for proper diagnosis and treatment options.


Symptoms of Fibroids

Not everyone with fibroids experiences symptoms. However, some individuals may develop significant discomfort that affects their daily life. Common symptoms include:


  • Painful periods
  • Heavy menstrual bleeding, which may lead to anemia
  • Pain during intercourse
  • Lower back pain
  • Frequent urination due to pressure on the bladder
  • Rectal pressure from fibroids pressing on the rectum
  • Abdominal enlargement, especially with very large fibroids, sometimes creating a pregnant appearance
  • A feeling of fullness or bloating in the lower abdomen
  • Pregnancy and labor complications, which may increase the likelihood of a C-section if fibroids are embedded deep within the uterine walls
  • Infertility, though this is rare


In extremely rare cases, uterine fibroids may develop into cancer. If you are experiencing any concerning symptoms, consult a healthcare professional for evaluation and management options.


Treatment for Fibroids

The treatment for uterine fibroids depends on several factors, including the severity of symptoms, the size and location of the fibroids, your age, and whether you plan to have children in the future. Your doctor will help determine the best approach based on your individual circumstances.


Monitoring Without Treatment

If you do not have symptoms, treatment may not be necessary. Instead, your doctor may recommend regular check-ups to monitor the growth of the fibroids and reassess if any changes occur.


Medication

For mild symptoms, medication may help manage fibroids. Options include:

  • Pain relievers (such as over-the-counter painkillers) for mild discomfort
  • Iron supplements to prevent or treat anemia caused by heavy bleeding
  • Hormonal treatments such as birth control pills, Depo injections, or the Mirena IUD to help regulate bleeding
  • Medications to shrink fibroids, which may be prescribed before surgery to reduce their size. However, fibroids may grow back once the medication is stopped.


Surgical Treatment

If symptoms are severe, surgery may be recommended. Surgical options include:

  • Myomectomy – Removes fibroids while preserving the uterus. It can be performed through laparoscopy, hysteroscopy, or open surgery, depending on the size and location of the fibroids. However, new fibroids may still develop in the future.
  • Uterine Fibroid Embolization (UFE) – A procedure that blocks the blood supply to the fibroids, causing them to shrink. This may be done as an inpatient or outpatient procedure.
  • Hysterectomy – The complete removal of the uterus, typically recommended for larger fibroids or severe symptoms when future pregnancy is not a concern. This is a major surgery and a permanent solution.


If you are experiencing symptoms, consult a healthcare professional to explore the most suitable treatment options for your condition.


FAQs About Fibroids

  • What Causes Uterine Fibroids?

    Uterine fibroids are common and typically develop during the reproductive years. While the exact cause is unknown, they are believed to be influenced by genetics and hormonal changes. Both estrogen and progesterone play a role in their growth, but the precise mechanisms remain unclear.


    Fibroids may:


    Grow rapidly during pregnancy due to increased hormone levels

    Shrink when treated with anti-hormone medication

    Stop growing or shrink naturally after menopause

    Risk Factors for Developing Fibroids

    Several factors may increase the likelihood of developing fibroids, including:


    Age – Most commonly diagnosed during reproductive years and tend to shrink after menopause

    Family history – A higher risk if a mother or close family member has had fibroids

    Weight – Overweight or obese individuals may have an increased risk

    If you are concerned about fibroids, consult a healthcare professional for proper evaluation and guidance.

  • How Do I Know If I Have Fibroids?

    Fibroids are often detected during a routine pelvic exam. Your doctor may feel an abnormal lump in your uterus, which is usually painless. To confirm the presence of fibroids, further diagnostic tests may be required.


    Imaging Tests

    Fibroids can be diagnosed using various imaging techniques, including:


    Ultrasound – A commonly used method to visualize fibroids

    MRI – Provides detailed images of the uterus and fibroids

    X-ray or CT scan – Less commonly used but can help in some cases

    Surgical Diagnosis

    In certain cases, a minor surgical procedure may be necessary for confirmation:


    Laparoscopy – A small camera is inserted through a tiny incision near the belly button to examine the uterus and surrounding organs. This procedure is performed under general anesthesia.

    Hysteroscopy – A thin, lighted camera is passed through the vagina and cervix into the uterus, allowing the doctor to inspect for fibroids or other abnormalities such as polyps. This procedure does not require an incision and may also allow for fibroid removal.

    If you suspect fibroids or experience symptoms, consult a healthcare professional for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate management.

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