Colposcopy

A colposcopy is a diagnostic procedure used to examine the cervix, vagina, and vulva for any signs of disease or abnormalities. It is often performed after an abnormal Pap smear result to investigate potential causes, such as infections, inflammation, or cervical dysplasia (precancerous changes). The procedure involves using a colposcope, a special microscope with a light, to closely inspect these areas. Colposcopy may also include a biopsy if abnormal tissue is detected.



How is a colposcopy performed?

During a colposcopy, the patient will lie on an exam table in a similar position to a Pap smear. The healthcare provider will insert a speculum into the vagina to open it, allowing the cervix to be clearly visible. The provider will then use the colposcope to closely examine the cervix. If needed, a biopsy may be taken, which involves removing a small tissue sample for further examination. The procedure is usually quick, lasting about 10-20 minutes, and is typically painless, although some patients may experience mild discomfort or cramping.



Why might a colposcopy be recommended?

A colposcopy may be recommended if you have had an abnormal Pap smear result or if your healthcare provider notices unusual symptoms such as unexplained bleeding, pain, or changes in discharge. It is commonly performed to check for precancerous changes in the cervix or to investigate areas of the cervix that appear abnormal during routine examinations. The procedure helps in early detection and prevention of cervical cancer.